This book contains all the vital information you will need when using your 64. There are sections on : ASCII tables - Basic keywords - Basic error messages - Colour memory Conversion tables - Disk commands - Disk error  messages Disk formats - Extramon listing - Flow charting - Hex/Dec convertor - Hyperbolic functions - Memory maps - Memory architecture- M/C instruction set-M/C mnemonics-Powers tables - Cartridge slot - Joystick slot - RS232 standardsCentronics standards - Other output - Screen memory - Sound chip registers - Musical notes values - Sprite memory diagram. In short, everything you need to know about your machine.

The graphics and sound capabilities of the Commodore 64 are one of the prime reasons for its success, but these features are some of the least understood by programmers. This book deals with the advanced techniques required to use the machine's capabilities to the full. Included is a full package of machine code routines to add graphics commands to the 64. These range from simple point plot to advanced three dimensional shape plotting. Besides a whole range of graphics utilities, many advanced subjects are covered ranging from smooth scrolling to split screens. Music and sound generation are dealt with in detail, from background music to adding a full keyboard to your
computer.

Any programmer wishing to make full use of the graphics and sound capability of the Commodore 64 will find this book an invaluable mine of essential information - much of it previously unpublished.

All About the Commodore 64: Volume I answers these questions, and more, with a complete beginner's guide to BASIC programming.

You'll learn about the Commodore 64's powerful features and how to control them, gaining hands-on experience as you type in and run the many examples and sample programs that
accompany the step-by-step explanations of each command. Among the topics discussed in this book are:

• A detailed explanation of how every BASIC command works
• How to design, write, and debug your own programs
• Creating animated graphics displays with sprites
• Using loops and subroutines
• How to store your programs on tape or disk
• Creating and playing music on the computer
• Common mistakes and how to correct them
• Using joysticks in your programs
• Character string manipulation

You won't be a beginner for long. With All About the Commodore 64: Volume I as your guide, you'll soon become an experienced BASIC programmer.

The Commodore 64 is a powerful personal computer. Its graphics and sound capabilities are among the best. But these features haven’t always been the easiest to use. Sometimes they seem so complicated that you give up before you start.

That all changes as soon as you have All About the Commodore 64, Volume Two in hand. Its three major utilities can transform your computer into a machine you won’t recognize. Bitmap graphics, synthesized music, and animated sprites are now easy to use—and to insert into your own BASIC programs.

You needn't have read Volume One, though it may help you to better understand BASIC. In fact, Part 1, “Advanced BASIC,” picks up where Volume One left off. You'll learn about numbers and mathematics, functions, file input/output, and the powerful WAIT statement. But the heart of this book is its extraordinary machine language utilities. With the convenience of BASIC, but with the speed and power of machine language, you'll quickly be enhancing your own programs with dazzling graphics displays and fascinating sound and rusic.

Part of what All About the Commodore 64, Volume Two can do for your computer includes:

• Give you powerful new graphics commands that allow you to draw on and fill the bitmap screen.
• Simplify shape creation. “Shapedit,” an easy-to-use shape editor, lets you create even the most complex drawing.
• Turn your 64 into a sophisticated music machine. “Sidplayer” and an elaborate Editor let you create, or copy from sheet music, the most detailed scores.
• Play music without slowing a BASIC program down.
• Create sprites with the Editor, save them to disk or tape, even merge them with BASIC programs.
• Achieve continuous sprite motion, whether controlled by the computer, or by you, that keeps going while BASIC is doing something else.

Each utility, by itself, can make your computer do impressive things. The programs are integrated, too, so you can use all three together.

Artificial Intelligence on the Commodore 64 shows you how to implement AI routines on your home micro and turn it into an intelligent machine which can hold a conversation with you, give you rational advice, learnn from you (and teach you) and even write programs for you.

The book explains AI from first principles and assumes no previous knowledge of the subject. All the important aspects of AI are covered and are fully illustrated with example programs.
For many years science fiction books and films have contained 'intelligent' computers which appear to be at least the equal of man. Although some of the features described in these remain illusions, extensive research into AI has brought may of the ideas much nearer reality.

If you're tired of ordinary computer games . . . if you're looking for something exciting and different to do with your C-64 .. . here's the answer! It's a whole collection of artificial intelligence (Al) projects designed to tap your micros real problem-solving capabilities for both practical and entertainment applications.

Leading off with a definition of artificial intelligence and an overview of Al concepts, the author provides 16 ready-to-run programs in BASIC to illustrate your micro's cognitive powers. You'll cover tree searches (testing all possible solutions to a problem), hueristics (a modified trial-and-error technique), algorithms, and pattern searching/recognition routines.

You'll find out how to solve simple—and not-so-simple—puzzles like Towers of Hanoi and the Knight's Tour of the Chessboard . . . explore concepts of animal behavior and how it can be simulated . . . analyze how natural language can be recognized and acted on by the computer . . . simulate an actual human-machine conversation . . . and use an interactive routine that allows your micro to make deductions through clever application of set theory. There's even a program that allows your micro to write its own program modifications!

And, as an extra bonus, the author has included a functioning word processing program (which he used to write this book’s manuscript) and a graphics program that lets you draw on the screen with a joystick.

Totally fascinating and packed with techniques that will help you improve all your BASIC programming practice, this is a sourcebook that will open a whole new dimension in your computer usage!

This book is a compendium of graphics programs to assist the CBM 64 user to gain the greatest advantage from his computer. New users will find this book of great value once they understand Basic computing.

Commodore 64 BASIC Quick Reference - 1984 by Gilbert Held

Welcome to the world of computer graphics! In this book, you will learn to navigate the Commodore 64 through an ocean of colors. With colors at your command, you can create your very own works of artl

As you may have guessed, the picture shown in the frontispiece was produced using the Commodore 64. The computer program that created the picture is carefully explained step-by-step in the following chapters. After reading this book, you will be able to make the same picture, as well as write programs to create your own pictures on the Commodore 64. The example program and illustrations presented in this book are written for specific use on the Commodore 64. You will learn how to use BASIC programming to instruct the Commodore 64 in drawing various kinds of different lines and shapes. In addition, you will learn how to use an assortment of colors, and how to make shapes move within your pictures.

This book was designed to be read and used by people of all ages. "Computer jargon" has been replaced with plain, everyday English wherever possible. Our only requirement is that you have some experience with the BASIC programming language. If words like "program," "line number," "GOTO," and "RUN" are at all familiar sounding, you should have no problem using this book. If, instead, these words make you break out in a cold sweat, you will need to do a little homework. Read chapters 2 through 4 of your Commodore 64 User's Guide, spend some time practicing,and you should be prepared to use this book.

Commodore 64 Color Graphics: An Advanced Guide is a step-by-step guide to creating advanced animated graphics on your personal computer.

The easy to follow yet comprehensive programs can take any beginning programmer into the world of high speed graphics. You' ll be amazed how rapidly you will be able to draw and paint your graphic displays. Machine language data turns time-consuming graphics tasks (such as plotting lines and painting shapes) into high speed magic.

Sequential in structions lead you through advanced graphics techniques. You 'll learn how to quickly reposition shapes on the viewing screen, change their size, and duplicate their shape around a central point. Tools to perform these tricks are provided as well as helpful design ideas and art concepts to enrich your graphics compositions.

The book's final object is to produce an action arcade game using advanced sprite techniques. You a re provided tools to allow you to connect sprites to joysticks, detect sprite colli sions, produce sound, and keep score. When you are ready to crea te your own arcade game you ' ll have a head start with your new game construction too ls.

As a special bonus, appendices include all the tools you'll need to save an actual picture (not your program) on disk or tape and print your pictures on paper with your VIC 1525 printer.

This easy-to-follow. self~nstructional guide shows you how to program and maintain data files for your Commodore 64, Commodore Pet, or CBM, and use them to keep track of billings, inventories, and expenses ... catalog material and mailing lists ... manipulate numerical and statistical information ... and much more.

You'll learn the principles of file organization, then go on to more advanced programming techniques. Assisted by dozens of sample programs and practical advice, you'll find out how to write your own data file programs, use your tape recorder or disk drive as an alternative way to store information, modify programs you've already purchased, even adapt programs using data files found in magazines and other sources.

The advent of inexpensive, reliable disk drives for home use represents a revolution in what can be achieved with a microcomputer. Any computer, no matter how large or small, comes into its own only when it is able to access data far more quickly than can be achieved with the trusty but tortoise-like cassette drive. Without fast mass storage, substantial programs become tiresome burdens which can take up to 15 minutes to load. The handling of data becomes a nightmare, with its constant necessity to rewind or change tapes and the wait while data is slowly added to memory. In short, the best computer is only as good as the means it uses to store data. The disk drive is far from a luxury, it is an essential component of an effective microcomputer system.

Nowhere is this more true than in relation to the Commodore 64. The success of the 64 as far more than a games machine or a computing toy is based to a large extent on Commodore's ability to produce a disk drive which works to the highest standards and yet is within the price range of anyone who takes their computing at all seriously. But simply to buy a disk drive is not the solution to the problem of enlarging the scope of the 64. Like any disk drive, the 1541 has its own way of working, and its own habits which are neglected at its owner's peril.

Poorly thought out working methods with a disk often mean that much of its potential can remain unrealised. Carelessness, or lack of understanding, can mean that valuable data or programs are irretrievably lost. And yet, for all that, the 1541 is a well designed piece of equipment, full of features that many disk drive owners can only dream about. This book is an attempt on our part to share some of the many discoveries that we have made about the 1541 disk drive, the enjoyment that comes with using it and the power that is released when it is used well.

One of the attractions of the modern personal or home computer is its ability to provide highly detailed graphics displays, usually in colour, and to produce a wide range of sounds. These facilities are, of course, very important for one of the main uses of home computers: playing various types of video game. The graphics capabilities, however, are not limited to use for games. They can also provide diagrams and displays for business and educational use. It is also possible to turn the computer into a form of automated drawing board, and (if a suitable printer or plotter is available) to produce quite acceptable drawings or diagrams on paper. Finally, of course, computer graphics displays may be used purely as an art form.

Here's a hands-on, learn-by-doing approach to mastering the full graphics potential offered by your Commodore 64 (sprite, character, and bit mapped graphics), plus how to take fullest advantage of the machine's remarkable built-in three-voice music synthesizer chip . . . using a collection of fascinating programs developed by the author.

Written in easy-to-follow, non-technical language, this exceptional handbook shows you how to use BASIC to get the kind of sound and graphic results on your C-64 that would require advanced assembly language skills on any other model computer. It shows you the hows and whys of operating your machine for maximum performance, without tangling you in a maze of computer jargon or overwhelming you with complex programming theory.

You'll find out how really simple it is to produce exciting images on your C-64, using only the powerful hardware packed into your machine. . . and find out how the 64's sound chip can produce an amazing range of sounds and musical effects. Once you've mastered these fundamentals—using the clear explanations, sample exercises, and ready-to-run programs—you’ll be ready to start combining graphics and sound for some amazingly sophisticated results—techniques you can use to write your own original programs for business, household use, or game playing applications!

The Commodore 64 Omnibus is the one book every C64 programmer needs. It is both an introductory handbook and an advanced user's guide to this powerful computer with its superb sound and graphics facilities.

Pt. I: This book is a model of the way in which such books ought to be written...[the authors] have done a thoroughly workmanlike job in guiding the first ime user along the first hesitant paths towards programming.

Pt. II: Let us suppose you are an enthusiastic user of the 64, who is proficient in BASIC and would like to go further. You have examined Commodore's Programmer's Reference Guide but find parts of it too technical. You would particularly like to experiment with sound and Hi-res graphics, in Basic and Assembler, to understand the Basic Interpreter and to add a few extra commands to BASIC. The trouble is that you have been unable to find a suitable book to assist you.

‘Look no further! This superb volume is the very thing you need... This is indeed a book to dip into at random and explore in depth. It is packed with information presented clearly and logically, with several helpful hikes.

If you are awed by the technical complexity of programming or dissatisfied with pre-packaged, inadequate software, Commodore 64 Program Building Blocks offers you the ideal
solution. Here in one book is a library of basic modular programs and useful subroutines that can be “linked together” to form your own customized programs.

A basic set of core programs and a group of useful subroutines allow you to design unique, “customized” programs. All the “building blocks” are fully tested and ready to be put to work. Designed to meet Commodore 64 users’ specific needs, Commodore 64 Program Building Blocks provides practical solutions to a host of application-specific programming problems.

The COMMODORE 64 PROGRAMMER'S REFERENCE GUIDE has been developed as a working tool and reference source for those of you who want to maximize your use of the built-in capabilities of your COMMODORE 64. This manual contains the information you need for your programs, from the simplest example all the way to the most complex. The PROGRAMMER'S REFERENCE GUIDE is designed so that everyone from the beginning BASIC programmer to the professional experienced in 6502 machine language can get information to develop his or her own creative programs. At the same time this book shows you how clever your COMMODORE 64 really is.

Here's a link to the disk image containing all the type in listings.

Well you finally went and did it. You waited and waited, biding your time until a machine with loads of capability appeared at a reasonable price. You weighed your options carefully. You narrowed your choice down to three machines. Then two. You wavered. You reconsidered. And then you went out and bought yourself a Commodore 64 microcomputer.

Take a moment to pat yourself on the back. You've made an excellent decision. The Commodore 64 is just about the most computer you can buy for the money. Its graphics capability is unparalleled for versatility and sophistication, its sound capability rivals that of dedicated sound synthesizers, and its 64K of RAM (Random Access Memory) is’ more than ample for nearly any application you can imagine. It's difficult to believe that all of this power, all of this amazing technology, could be sitting right in front of you in such a compact, inexpensive package.

Commodore 64 Whole Memory Guide is much more than a memory map. Instead of just giving memory locations it gives you a detailed description of each location, explaining what it's for, how it is used by the computer, and, more importantly, how it can be used by the programmer.

Discover how to get far more from the graphics and sound capabilities of your C-64 or C-128 than you've ever thought possible! All you need is here in this completely revised and expanded new edition of a guidebook that's been hailed as the best in its field!

Here's all the hands-on, learn-by-doing information you'll need to start taking full advantage of your Commodore's exceptional graphics powerssprite, character, and bit-mapped graphics. Plus, you'll find out how to utilize all of your machine's advanced three-voice music synthesizer chip. Best of all, you'll find a whole collection of new programs to demonstrate how each concept operates on both the C-64 and the C-128!

Sample exercises plus clear, concise explanations make it easy to master each technique. Then you'll see how to combine these various concepts using a wide range of ready-to-run programs especially designed by the author
to make the most of your Commodore's graphics and sound capabilities. From here on out, you'll be able to use the same principles to create your own original programs for business, household use, or game playing applications!

In fact, the programs included here are alone worth far more than the price of the book. In this new edition, Krute has included nearly 75 programs for both the C-64 and the C-128, each one with thorough description, complete
program listing, and summary of what the program has been designed to accomplish. Plus there's all the expert advice and guidance you need to get you started designing your own sprites and custom characters as well as exciting sound programs in both 64 and 128 modes!

Simons’ BASIC is for everyone who programs a Commodore 64 or Commodore 128 computer. Students and businessmen alike will want to use the plotting graphics for creating bar charts, pie charts, and line graphs as an important addition to their reports. Game programmers and teachers and students writing educational programs will welcome the simplified use of graphics and sound. All Commodore 64 and 128 owners will welcome the versatility of this language and its programming ease and power. Simons’ BASIC enables you to write programs creating beautifully and easily formatted output—whether numbers, text, graphics, or a combination of the three. This is the language for creative programmers.

This book is a practical introduction to writing compilers. Author Volker Sasse draws upon is experience as an implementor of several compilers and discusses:

• Compiler fundamentals
• Language design
• Lexical analysis
• Syntactical analysis
• Semantic analysis
• Generating 6502 code
• Interpacing to the operating system

Note - The spelling errors are actually from the book, and not the OCR.

COMPUTEt's First Book of the Commodore 64 includes some of the best articles and programs from COMPUTE! Magazine and COMPUTEt's Gazette, plus many more that have never before appeared in print.

There are dozens of complete, ready to type in programs. And, because you will see and type in every program line, you will discover many techrriques to use in your own programming. Here's a sample of what youll find inside:

• A beginner's introduction to programming
• An explanation of 64 architecture
• How to create programs which use joysticks
• A memory map
• A tutorial on how to create attractive and mearringful program menus
• A machine language assembler written in BASIC
• "Micromon-64;' a complete monitor with numerous extra functions
• How to add sprites to your programs

No matter whether you are an advanced programmer or just starting out, COMPUTEt's First Book of the Commodore 64 has much that you will find useful. Edited with the clarity and care which has made COMPUTE! Publications today's leading publisher of personal computing magazines and books.

COMPUTE!'s First Book of Commodore 64 Sound and Graphics puts the TV screen and speakers under your control. Beginners will find good introductions to sound and graphics on the Commodore 64. More advanced users will find exciting, sophisticated techniques that will let yoususe the most advanced capabilities of the machine. And there are utilities that anyone can use — even if you've never programmed before.

Here is a sample of what you'll find in this book:

• Programs. to help you add music to your programs.
• A sprite editor.
• Programs that let you change the characters printed on the screen to any shape you want, including pictures.
• A complete music synthesizer.
• A utility to create high-resolution, fine line graphics, like those you see in arcade games.
• A program that adds four new graphics commands to BASIC.
• Many clear, understandable explanations for how to program graphics.

Utilities to take the pain out of programming .. . Utilities to customise your 64 and explore its hidden potential .. . All Commodore 64 programmers will find this software toolkit of programming aids, BASIC enhancements and , other utilities truly invaluable.

Mapping the Commodore 64 is a detailed and comprehensive explanation of the Commodore 64 computer's memory. Although some parts of this information have been published before, this is the definitive work—complete and clear discussions of all the important user-alterable memory locations in the computer, as well as details of the BASIC and operating routines in permanent ROM memory. Whether you're programming in BASIC or in machine language, you'll find this sourcebook invaluable.

Serving both as an introduction to 64 architecture and memory use, as well as an excellent resource to help you tap the computer's powerful, but hidden, features, Mapping the Commodore 64 includes:

• An explanation of all Kernal and BASIC routines.
• Demonstration programs for many of the operating routines.
• How to turn individual bits on and off.
• Details of how to create and use sprites in your programs.
• How to create the precise sound effects you want.
• How to create your own characters and where to safely store them.
• A program that allows single keystroke entry of BASIC keywords.

If you're familiar with BASIC, you'll turn to this book again and again for instruction, advice, and clarification. If you're already programming in machine language, you'll find this book an indispensable guide to memory locations and routines. But no matter what your programming experience, once you've used Mapping the Commodore 64, you'll wonder how you ever got along without it.

Mapping the Commodore 64 and 64C is a detailed and comprehensive explanation of the Commodore 64 and 64C computers’ memory. This is the definitive work—complete and clear discussions of all the impdrtant user-alterable memory locations in the computer, as well as details of the BASIC and Operating System routines in permanent memory (ROM), and of GEOS from Berkeley Softworks, Whether you're programming in BASIC or in machine language, you'll find this sourcebook invaluable.

Serving both as an introduction to 64 architecture and memory use, as well as an excellent resource to help you tap the computer's powerful, but hidden, features, Mapping the Commodore 64 and 64C includes:

• A complete memory map of GEOS
• An explanation of all Kernal and BASIC routines
• Demonstration programs for many of the operating routines
• How to turn individual bits on and off
• The details about how to create and use sprites in your programs
• How to create the precise sound effects you want
• How to create your own characters and where to safely store them
• A program that allows single keystroke entry of BASIC keywords

If you're familiar with BASIC, you'll turn to this book again and again for instruction, advice, and clarification. If you're already programming in machine language, you'll find this book an indispensable guide to memory locations and routines. But no matter what your programming level, once you've used Mapping the Commodore 64 and 64C, you'll wonder how you ever got along without it.

This book is written for all those who own a Commodore 64 and would like to know that little bit more about some mathematical techniques. You probably know what program you want to write but maybe you are
not quite sure of the mathematics needed. Is it COS, ABS, or SON that you need?

All the mathematical functions that you find on the Commodore 64 are described and their use is illustrated in short programs. You can 'lift' these programs and utilize them within your own programs.

But this book is not just an introduction to these basic mathematical functions. It contains background information and programs on such diverse subjects as codes and cryptography, random numbers, sequences, trigonometry, prime numbers, and statistical data analysis. You can utilize this information in both serious and games programming.

'Back in the days' so called 'illegal' opcodes were researched independently by different parties, and detail knowledge about them was considered 'black magic' for many conventional programmers. They first appeared in the context of copy protection schemes, so keeping the knowledge secret was crucial.

When some time later some of these opcodes were documented by various book authors and magazines, a lot of misinformation was spread and a number of weird myths were born. It took another few years until some brave souls started to systematically investigate each and every opcode, and until the mid 90s that Wolfgang Lorenz came up with his test suite that finally contained elaborated test programs for them.

Still, a few opcodes were considered witchcraft for a while (the so called 'unstable' ones), until other people finally de-capped an actual CPU and solved the remaining riddles.

This document tries to present the current state of the art in a readable form, and is in large parts the result of pasting existing documents together and editing them

To understand the workings of the Commodore 64 (henceforth shortened to the C64), the user needs a solid understanding of C64BASIC. This Guide gives the essential knowledge necessary for that understanding.

This book was written with the beginning or intermediate programmer in mind.  You do need a general understanding of how your computer operates, and how to write simple programs in BASIC.

The BRAIN is a clearly written detailed explanation of the Commodore 64 computer's memory. If you are a begginer here is the information you have been hunting far. Advanced programmers will use this booklet again and again as a powerful tool. THE BRAIN is a no-nonsense approach to a guided tour of the most extensive memory map on the market to date.

• Written in dictionary format
• Easy to understand terms
• Extensive sound & graphic sections
• Understand existing programs
• Identify program storage locations
• The kernal at your finger tips
• Addresses in hex and decimal
• OPS code help chart

The programmable logic array (PLA) in the Commodore 64 (C64) is used to create chip select signals from various other signals, e.g., from the current address. These signals control which chip is to be connected to the data bus. Therefore the PLA is responsible to implement the memory map of the C64.

If the PLA is broken, the CPU and the VIC-II1 direct memory access (DMA) can not access the right memory and I/O devices anymore. In this case some chips can not be selected or more than one chip is active at the same time. A total or partial malfunction of the computer is the result. If a PLA is replaced with a part which does not meet certain timing or electrical constraints of the chips connected to it, the computer becomes unstable, possibly depending on temperature or hardware extensions used or may refuse to work at all.

A knowledge of the Commodore 64 kernal software and the hardware with which it interacts is essential for programmers wishing to make full use of the machine's capabilities. The kernal software provides the interface between the user, the BASIC interpreter and the electronics - and a thorough knowledge of its functioning gives the programmer a wealth of ideas and methods for interesting programming techniques.

This book gives the programmer a unique insight into the operation of the Commodore 64 plus a wide variety of very useful hints on subjects as diverse as reconfiguring the keyboard and anti tape-copying security. The book also covers the user port and the addition of external circuitry to it.

There is now a wide variety of books available for the CBM home computers, but few of them really get stuck into the practical problems that afflict any programmer once he is past the beginner stage. This book can't do the work for you, but it can help you get things working inseveral ways.

Right at the start when you begin to use your machine with the help of your manual, you will often find an explanation difficult to follow. Reference to this book may help by giving another way of looking at things.

BETTER PROGRAMMING
Turbocharge your Commodore 64 tells you how the professionals do it. It concentrates on putting more power where it matters - in your hands. It shows how you can exploit your Commodore 64 to the full and how to approach programming problems the right way.

IN-DEPTH EXPLORATION
The Commodore 64 is still unexplored territory for many people. This book shows some of the ways in which it can be stretched, some of the ways in which its strengths and weaknesses can be exploited. You could do it for  yourself - but not in a hurry. That's where Turbocharge your Commodore 64 comes in.

THE RIGHT STUFF
Turbocharge your Commodore 64 gives expert insights into the full power of your Commodore 64. There are powerful graphics and sound routines and many K's worth of listings for you to explore and develop.

FOR THE  PROFESSIONAL TOUCH IN YOUR PROGRAMS.
TURBOCHARGE YOUR COMMODORE 64

The purpose of this book is to provide a detailed listing of the ROM contents for the Commodore 64 microcomputer.  For programmers working in assembler language, or those wanting a more complete understanding of BASIC, this should prove to be very useful.